Neck Size & Strength Concussion Key

At the fourth annual Youth Sports Safety Summit in early February, Dawn Comstock, associate professor of epidemiology at the Colorado School of Public Health, confirmed what many have suspected—that neck strength could be a predictor of concussions. Since concussions are caused by the brain banging around inside the skull, the weaker the neck, the more movement the head experiences upon an impact.

Reporting on the conclusion of the Comstock study, Sean Gregory, writing for Time Sports, urged, “Before practices and games, athletes shouldn’t just be stretching and strengthening their legs and backs. They should be working out their necks as well.”

That advice is based on Comstock’s research findings. During two academic years, athletic trainers took a series of measurements of the heads and four measurements of neck strength of 6, 704 student athletes— boys and girls who played lacrosse, soccer and basketball. Then they recorded all incidents of injuries—including concussions—that occurred with every subject.

When they examined their data their suspicions were confirmed. Athletes who experienced concussions had smaller neck circumferences than did their fellow players and frequently had a small neck paired with a large head. Those injured also had less neck strength than did athletes who did not suffer a concussion. According to Gregory, overall neck strength remained a significant predictor of concussion. For every one pound increase in neck strength, odds of concussion fell by 5%.

Comstock’s research helped explain why women participating in these sports experience more concussions than do men. Gregory quoted Comstock as saying: “We focus so much on how to properly diagnose concussions. That’s obviously important, but preventing concussions is a much better outcome. We’re not saying that you won’t get a concussion if your neck is stronger. But the data shows that neck strengthening has strong potential as a key concussion prevention tool.”